Diagnosis & Disease Information

More Deaths in First Year After PD-to-HD Switch

Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) who convert to hemodialysis (HD) after failing treatment with peritoneal dialysis (PD) may be at higher death risk in the first year than ESRD patients who used HD as their primary treatment, but researchers caution that the association may not be causal.

Caesarean Births Lower Prolapse Risk

TORONTO—Caesarean deliveries significantly reduce the risk of prolapse compared with vaginal delivery, according to a data presented at the joint International Continence Society—International Urogynecological Association annual meeting – but only if women had all their deliveries by Caesarian. Having even one baby vaginally removed this effect.

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