Data from 5,707 participants of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007–2008 show that gout now affects 4% of Americans (8.3 million individuals), and hyperuricemia, 21% (43.3 million).

Among those in the top serum urate category—greater than 4 mg/dL—86% had stage 2 or higher chronic kidney disease, 66% had hypertension, and 33% had diabetes, according to a report in The American Journal of Medicine 2012;125:679-687.e1).