U.S. outpatient urine samples containing Escherichia coli isolates showed that the bacterium’s resistance to ciprofloxacin rose from 3% to 17.1% and its resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole increased from 17.9% to 24.2%, from 2000 to 2010, according to a report in Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (2012;56:2181-2183).

During the same period, however, minimal change was observed in E. coli resistance to nitrofurantoin (0.8% to 1.6%) and ceftriaxone (0.2% to 2.3%).