(HealthDay News) — Differences in health care utilization across racial and ethnic groups explain the majority of inequities in US health care spending, according to a study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association.
Joseph L. Dieleman, PhD, from the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation in Seattle, and colleagues estimated differences in US health care spending by race and ethnicity from 2002 through 2016. The analysis included data from 7.3 million health system visits, admissions, or prescriptions captured in the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (2002 to 2016), the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (2002 to 2012), the National Health Interview Survey (2002, 2016), and the Disease Expenditure project (1996 to 2016).
The researchers found that in 2016, non-Hispanic White Americans receiving health services represented 72% of health care spending, despite making up 61% of the population. Hispanic and Asian American individuals received the least spending relative to their proportion of the population (Hispanic individuals: 11% of spending versus 18% of the population; Asian, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander individuals: 3% of spending versus 6% of the population). Spending on African American individuals was proportional to their population but skewed significantly toward emergency and inpatient care, suggesting a lack of preventive services. In contrast, White Americans received greater than average spending on outpatient care, dental care, and pharmaceuticals than other groups.
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“This study provides a clear picture of who is benefiting from and who is being left behind in our health care system,” Dieleman said in a statement. “Measuring disparities in health care spending and use not only helps us understand the magnitude of inequities, but also provides valuable insights for policymakers to address their underlying causes.”
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