(HealthDay News) — Fruit and vegetable intake is associated with hip fracture, with a higher rate of hip fracture for intake below 5 servings/day, according to a study published in the Journal of Bone and Mineral Research.
Liisa Byberg, Ph.D., from Uppsala University in Sweden, and colleagues examined the dose-response association between habitual fruit and vegetable intake and hip fracture in a cohort study involving 40,644 men and 34,947 women (age 45 to 83 years), free from cardiovascular disease and cancer. Participants were followed for a mean of 14.2 years.
The researchers observed 3,644 hip fractures (62% in women) during 1,037,645 person-years. There was a strong nonlinear dose-response association (P < 0.001). Compared with those consuming more than 5 servings/day, men and women with zero consumption had an 88% higher rate of hip fracture (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.88).
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With higher intake of fruit and vegetables, the rate was gradually lower (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.35 for 1 versus 5 servings/day). The hazard ratio was no lower for more than 5 servings/day (adjusted hazard ratio for 8 versus 5 servings/day, 0.96; 95% confidence interval, 0.90 to 1.03). The results were similar when men and women were analyzed separately.
“There is a dose-response association between fruit and vegetable intake and hip fracture such that an intake below the recommended five servings/day confers higher rates of hip fracture,” the authors write.
