Direct-to-Consumer Testosterone Not Offered in Accordance With Guidelines
Most direct-to-consumer platforms offer testosterone therapy despite consumer reporting normal testosterone levels, free testosterone
Most direct-to-consumer platforms offer testosterone therapy despite consumer reporting normal testosterone levels, free testosterone
Age-specific testosterone cutoffs show each 1-year increase in age tied to a 4.3-ng/dL decrease in testosterone level
Odds of hospitalization higher for men receiving inadequate TTh versus those with normal testosterone concentration while receiving TTh
No evidence of increase seen for short- to medium-term cardiovascular risk, but data lacking regarding long-term safety
Risk for myocardial infarction or stroke lower with testosterone therapy among men with hypogonadism and other cardiovascular risk factors