Hypertension is more likely to develop in Black vs White living kidney donors, investigators reported at the National Kidney Foundation’s 2023 Spring Clinical Meetings in Austin, Texas.
Using data from the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients, Ekamol Tantisattamo, MD, MPH, of the University of California Irvine in Orange, California, and colleagues retrospectively studied 174,359 living kidney donors who donated a kidney from June 1972 to September 2022. The cohort had a mean age of 41 years, and 70% were White, 11% Black, 13% Hispanic, and 3% Asian.
The incidence rate of systolic hypertension (130 mm Hg or higher) was 0.02 person-months. On multivariate analysis that adjusted for age, gender, pre-donation obesity status and other potential confounders, Black donors had a significant 17% higher risk for systolic hypertension compared with White donors, the investigators reported in a poster presentation. Asian donors had a significant 15% lower risk for systolic hypertension compared with White donors. Other races and ethnicities had no significant difference in risk.
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A number of studies have documented that hypertension is a complication of living kidney donation. In a study comparing 1278 living kidney donors with a control group of 6359 healthy adults in Ontario, Canada, Amit X. Garg, MD, of the University of Western Ontario in London, Canada, and colleagues found that hypertension was diagnosed more frequently in the donor compared with control group (16.3% vs 11.9%), with donors at a significant 40% higher risk for hypertension. The authors published the study findings in Transplantation in 2008.
References
Tantisattamo E, Hasjim B, Naunsilp P, Puchongmart C, Wattanachayakul P. Racial disparity and hypertension in living kidney donors. Presented at: NKF 2023 Spring Clinical Meetings, April 11-15, Austin, Texas. Poster 444.
Garg AX, Prasad GVR, Thiessen-Philbrook HR, Li P, Melo M. Cardiovascular disease and hypertension risk in living kidney donors: An analysis of health administration data in Ontario, Canada. Transplantation. 2008;86(3):399-406. doi:10.1097/TP.0b013e31817ba9e3
