Women with a history of gestational diabetes are at elevated risk for chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) later in life if they develop type 2 diabetes mellitus, according to study data presented at the virtual 58th congress of the European Renal Association-European Dialysis and Transplant Association.
The finding is from a retrospective cohort study of 1,121,633 women in Sweden, of whom 15,595 (1.4%) were diagnosed with gestational diabetes. Women who experienced gestational diabetes, compared with those who did not, had a significantly 1.8- and 4.5-fold increased risk for CKD and ESKD, respectively, in adjusted analyses, according to investigator Karolina Kublickiene, MD, PhD, of Karolinska Institutet in Stockholm, Sweden. Women who had gestational diabetes had a significant 8.8-, 2.5-, and 1.9-fold increased risk for diabetic CKD, hypertensive CKD, and glomerular CKD, respectively.
These associations were largely explained by the progression of gestational diabetes to type 2 diabetes, according to investigators. Women whose gestational diabetes progressed to type 2 diabetes had a significant 21.7-fold increased risk for CKD and 112.4-fold increased risk for ESKD. Women whose gestational diabetes did not progress to type 2 diabetes were not at significantly elevated risk for CKD or ESKD compared with women who have uncomplicated pregnancies.
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Reference
Barrett P, McCarthy F, Evans M, et al. Gestational diabetes and the long-term risk of maternal kidney disease: a Swedish national cohort study. Presented at: 58th ERA-EDTA virtual congress held June 5-8, 2021. Abstract MO489.
