Nocturia is associated with an increased risk for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in men and women, according to study findings presented at the European Association of Urology 2022 annual congress.
The finding is from a study of 9892 individuals aged 20 years or older (4758 men and 5134 women) who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey during 2005 to 2010. Based on symptoms reported in a questionnaire, investigators identified nocturia in 33.5% of participants.
In propensity score-matching analyses, any nocturia (2 or more voids per night) was significantly associated with 25% and 58% increased risks for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, respectively, after adjusting for age, race, sex, body mass index, and other potential confounders, investigator Sung Tae Cho, MD, of Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital in Seoul, South Korea, reported in an oral presentation. Mild nocturia (2-3 voids per night) was significantly associated with 18% and 52% increased risk for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, respectively, compared with no nocturia. Moderate-to-severe nocturia (4 or more voids per night) was significantly associated with 69% and 95% increased risks for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, respectively.
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The investigators examined the link between nocturia and death stratified by age and sex. Among individuals aged 20-60 years, any nocturia was significantly associated with a 44% increased risk for all-cause mortality, but not significantly associated with cardiovascular mortality. Mild nocturia had no significant effect on all-cause or cardiovascular mortality. Moderate-to-severe nocturia was significantly associated with 2.3-fold and 5.6-fold increased risks for these outcomes, respectively.
Among participants older than 61 years, any nocturia was significantly associated with 18% and 48% increased risks for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, respectively. Mild nocturia had no significant effect on all-cause mortality, but was significantly associated with a 47% increased risk for cardiovascular mortality. Moderate-to-severe nocturia was significantly associated with a 52% increased risk for all-cause mortality, but had no significant effect on cardiovascular mortality.
The study also revealed sex differences in the effect of nocturia on mortality. In men, any nocturia was significantly associated with 28% and 68% increased risks for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, respectively. Mild nocturia was significantly associated with a 24% and 67% increased risks for these outcomes, respectively. Moderate-to-severe nocturia was significantly associated with a 62% increased risk for all-cause mortality, but had no significant effect on cardiovascular mortality.
In women, any nocturia was associated with a borderline significant 19% higher risk for all-cause mortality, but was not significantly associated with cardiovascular mortality. Mild nocturia had no significant effect on either outcome. Moderate-to-severe nocturia was significantly associated with a 1.9- and 2.8-fold increased risk for the outcomes, respectively.
Reference
Cho ST, Moon S, Park SG, et al. Nocturia as a risk factor for all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality: Data from the national health and nutrition examination survey. Presented at: EAU 2022, July 1-4, 2022, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Abstract A0842.
