ATLANTA—Cigarette smoking is associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer (PCa) progression and genitourinary (GU) toxicities following treatment with external beam radiation therapy (EBRT), researchers reported at the American Urological Association 2012 annual meeting.
Emily Steinberger, MD, and colleagues at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in New York, studied 2,156 patients who received EBRT for PCa between 1988 and 2005 and who had chart-recorded smoking histories. Of these patients, 40.7% were never smokers, 48.9% were former smokers, and 7.6% were current smokers. The study population had a median follow-up of 95 months.
Compared with never smokers, current smokers had a significant 40% increased risk of PSA relapse-free survival and a significant 2.37 times increased risk of distant metastases, after adjusting for multiple variables. Current and former smokers had a significant 80% and 45% increased risk of GU Grade 2 or above toxicities compared with never smokers.
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