Seizure disorders:

Indications for: DILANTIN

Tonic-clonic, psychomotor and neurosurgically induced seizures.

Adult Dosage:

Initially: 100mg 3 times daily. Increase weekly if needed; max 200mg 3 times daily. Once-a-day dosing only with ext-rel caps for patients controlled on 300mg daily.

Children Dosage:

Initially 5mg/kg per day in 2–3 equally divided doses. Increase weekly if needed. Usual maintenance: 4–8mg/kg per day; max 300mg daily.

DILANTIN Contraindications:

History of prior acute hepatotoxicity due to phenytoin. Concomitant delavirdine.

DILANTIN Warnings/Precautions:

Suicidal tendencies (monitor). Diabetes. Discontinue if acute hepatotoxicity occurs; do not restart. Monitor serum levels when switching between sodium salt of phenytoin (caps) and free acid form (suspension, Infatabs). Discontinue and evaluate at the 1st sign of a rash. Increased risk of SJS/TEN if positive for HLA-B*1502 or in CYP2C9*3 carriers (esp. Asian ancestry); consider avoiding as an alternative for carbamazepine. Adjust dose gradually. Angioedema. Underlying cardiac disease. Use proper dental hygiene. Hormonal contraception. Monitor bone mineral density with chronic use. Porphyria. Intermediate or poor CYP2C9 metabolizers. Renal and/or hepatic impairment. Hypoalbuminemia. Elderly. Debilitated. Pregnancy: avoid. Nursing mothers: not recommended.

See Also:

DILANTIN Classification:

Hydantoin.

DILANTIN Interactions:

Potentiated by acute alcohol ingestion, amiodarone, antiepileptic agents (eg, ethosuximide, felbamate, oxcarbazepine, methsuximide, topiramate), azoles (eg, fluconazole, ketoconazole, itraconazole, miconazole, voriconazole), benzodiazepines (eg, chlordiazepoxide, diazepam), capecitabine, chloramphenicol, disulfiram, estrogens, fluorouracil, fluoxetine, fluvastatin, fluvoxamine, halothane, H2-blockers (eg, cimetidine), isoniazid, methylphenidate, omeprazole, phenothiazines, salicylates, sertraline, succinamides (eg, ethosuximide), sulfonamides, ticlopidine, tolbutamide, trazodone, warfarin. Antagonized by anticancer drugs (eg, bleomycin, carboplatin, cisplatin, doxorubicin, methotrexate), chronic alcohol ingestion, carbamazepine, diazepam, folic acid, fosamprenavir, nelfinavir, reserpine, rifampin, ritonavir, St. John’s wort, sucralfate, theophylline, vigabatrin. Antagonizes anticoagulants (eg, apixaban, dabigatran, edoxaban, rivaroxaban), antiepileptic agents (eg, carbamazepine, felbamate, lacosamide, lamotrigine, topiramate, oxcarbazepine), atorvastatin, fluvastatin, simvastatin, ticagrelor, antivirals (eg, efavirenz, lopinavir/ritonavir, indinavir, nelfinavir, ritonavir, saquinavir), albendazole, chlorpropamide, clozapine, cyclosporine, digoxin, disopyramide, folic acid, methadone, mexiletine, nifedipine, nimodipine, nisoldipine, praziquantel, quetiapine, verapamil. Reduces efficacy of concomitant azoles, corticosteroids, doxycycline, estrogens, furosemide, irinotecan, oral contraceptives, paclitaxel, paroxetine, quinidine, rifampin, sertraline, teniposide, theophylline, vitamin D, warfarin. Concomitant fosamprenavir/ritonavir may potentiate amprenavir. Concomitant neuromuscular blockers (eg, pancuronium, vecuronium, rocuronium, cisatracurium); may need higher infusion rate. Variable effects with phenobarbital, valproic acid, sodium valproate. Absorption decreased by calcium, antacids. Increased risk of hyperammonemia with concomitant valproate; monitor.

Adverse Reactions:

Nystagmus, ataxia, slurred speech, decreased coordination, somnolence, mental confusion, headaches, dizziness, cerebellar atrophy, nausea, vomiting, constipation, gingival hyperplasia, osteomalacia, blood dyscrasias, lymphadenopathy, cardiac effects, hepatic disease, hyperglycemia, SLE, hypertrichosis, lab test abnormality; rare: serious dermatologic reactions (eg, SJS, TEN, AGEP, DRESS), multiorgan hypersensitivity (may be fatal).

Note:

To enroll in the North American Antiepileptic Drug Pregnancy Registry call (888) 233-2334.

Generic Drug Availability:

YES

How Supplied:

Caps 30mg—100; 100mg—100, 1000; Tabs—100; Susp—8oz