Marshall C. Strother, MD

Upper tract urothelial cancer (UTUC) represents approximately 5%-10% of all urothelial cancers, although the incidence is increasing. Modifiable risk factors include exposure to toxins such as tobacco smoke, industrial toxins (including aromatic hydrocarbons, coal, coke, chlorinated solvents, and tars), arsenic, the analgesic phenacetin, and aristolochic acid. Produced by plants of the genus Aristolochia, aristolochic acid…