Lung Volume Reduction Surgery
What the Anesthesiologist Should Know before the Operative Procedure Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by progressive and largely irreversible airflow limitation caused primarily by exposure to tobacco smoke and less commonly by other noxius stimuli or by alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency. The cardinal abnormality in COPD is an irreversible reduction in maximal expiratory flow due…